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Polyethylene (PE) is a lightweight thermoplastic molding material that has high chemical resistance, elasticity, and electrical insulating properties. It’s not especially strong or hard, but it’s inexpensive. You’ll find it everywhere in consumer plastic parts, milk bottles, medicine and detergent bottles, plastic bags, and trash cans. PE is also the most common injection molding resin for making toys because it’s non-toxic and can take a beating without complaint.
Polyoxymethylene (POM) is a type of acetal resin used to make mechanical and automotive parts that would usually be made with metal. This engineering thermoplastic material is very strong, tough, and rigid. It’s often used to produce gears, fasteners, knife handles, and ball bearings. Although POM has high resistance towards solvents such as alcohols, gasoline, detergents and motor oils, it shouldn’t be exposed to hydrochloric acid and nitric acid.
This thermoplastic injection molding material is widely used in the food storage and packaging industry because it doesn’t let chemicals mix with food products. Polypropylene (PP) can be washed in hot water without degrading, and it has high chemical and moisture resistance. PP has incredible impact strength, elasticity, and toughness. Designers should also note that PP is easy to recycle, and because of its flexibility, it can be used to make live hinges that can be bent many times without tearing.
When it comes to injection molding resins, there are two types of polystyrene that are commonly used: High Impact Polystyrene (HIPS) and General Purpose Polystyrene (GPPS). GPPS is transparent, while HIPS is opaque. Hard cases for toolboxes and bodies of power tools are also made using High Impact Polystyrene. As with so many things there is a tradeoff to be aware of. On the one hand, PS is tough and durable. It can take a lot of abuse in the field. But that also means it’s not very environmentally friendly.
Thermoplastic Rubber (TPR) resin is actually a mixture of plastic and rubber, and it’s easy to use in the injection molding process. It has outstanding chemical and weather resistance and high impact strength. Because of this, TPR is used in many types of fluid dispensers, flexible hoses, catheters, and other places containing different liquids, including acid.
You can find this recyclable material in medical catheters, suspension bushings and headphone cables. Thermoplastic rubber is also known as thermoplastic elastomer (TPE).
Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU) is soft and elastic, with great tensile and tear strength. That’s why it’s often used to make parts that demand a rubber – like elasticity. You should know that TPU is more expensive than other resins but for many applications, like protective wire and cable sheaths, there really is no substitute. Another advantage is that TPU improves the grip for products that need to be held securely in the hand.
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